Variability between Clarke's angle and Chippaux-Smirak index for the diagnosis of flat feet

https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v48i1.1947
Footprint pedigraph chippaux-smirak index clarke's angle

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Published: Mar 31, 2017
Issue: Vol. 48 No. 1 (2017)
Section Original Articles

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Main Article Content

Authors

Cristina González-Martín Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
Salvador Pita-Fernández Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña
Teresa Seoane-Pillado Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña
Beatriz López-Calviño Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña
Sonia Pertega-Díaz Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña
Vicente Gil-Guillen Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain , Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain
Abstract

Background

The measurements used in diagnosing biomechanical pathologies vary greatly. The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between Clarke’s angle and Chippaux-Smirak index, and to determine the validity of Clarke’s angle using the Chippaux-Smirak index as a reference.

Methods

Observational study in a random population sample (n=1002) in A Coruña (Spain). After informed patient consent and ethical review approval, a study was conducted of anthropometric variables, Charlson comorbidity score, and podiatric examination. Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed.

Results

The prevalence of flat feet, using a podoscope, was 19.0% for the left foot and 18.9% for the right foot, increasing with age.

The prevalence of flat feet according to the Chippaux-Smirak index  or Clarke’s angle  increases significantly, reaching 62.0% and 29.7% respectively.

The concordance (kappa I) between the indices according to age groups varied between 0.25–0.33 (left foot) and 0.21–0.30 (right foot). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the Chippaux-Smirak index and Clarke’s angle  was -0.445 (left foot) and -0.424 (right foot).

After adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidity score and gender, the only variable with an independent effect to predict discordance was the BMI (OR=0.969; 95% CI:0.94-0.998).

Conclusion

There is little concordance between the indices studied for the purpose of diagnosing foot arch pathologies. In turn, Clarke’s angle has a limited sensitivity in diagnosing flat feet, using the Chippaux-Smirak index as a reference. This discordance decreases with higher BMI values.

 

 

Author Biographies

Cristina González-Martín, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain

Clinical Epidemiology Research Group, Health Sciences Department, Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Podología, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Ferrol, Spain, Universidade da Coruña, Health Sciences Department, Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Podología,

Salvador Pita-Fernández, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña

Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña

Teresa Seoane-Pillado, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña


Biostatistician. Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC). SERGAS, A Coruña (Spain)

Beatriz López-Calviño, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña

Biostatistician. Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC). SERGAS, A Coruña (Spain)

Sonia Pertega-Díaz, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña

Biostatistician. Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC). SERGAS, A Coruña (Spain)

Vicente Gil-Guillen, Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain , Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain

Full profesor. Miguel  Hernandez UniversityDepartment of Clinical Medicine. Alicante (Spain)

 

How to Cite
González-Martín, C., Pita-Fernández, S., Seoane-Pillado, T., López-Calviño, B., Pertega-Díaz, S., & Gil-Guillen, V. (2017). Variability between Clarke’s angle and Chippaux-Smirak index for the diagnosis of flat feet. Colombia Medica, 48(1), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v48i1.1947
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Received 2015-04-26
Accepted 2017-03-28
Published 2017-03-31

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