Global differential expression of genes located in the Down Syndrome Critical Region in normal human brain

https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v45i4.1640

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Published: Dec 28, 2014
Updated: 2014-12-28
Issue: Vol. 45 No. 4 (2014)
Section Original Articles

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Authors

Julio Cesar Montoya Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle. Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Cali, Colombia.
Dianora Fajardo Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Ángela Peña Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Adalberto Sánchez Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle.
Martha C Domínguez -Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle. - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
José María Satizábal Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle.
Felipe Garcia Vallejo - Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle. - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Abstract


Background: The information on gene expression obtained from databases has made possible the extraction and analysis of data related to several molecular processes involving not only brain homeostasis but its disruption in some neuropathologies, principally in Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.



Objective: To correlate the transcription levels of 19 genes located in the Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR) with their expression in several substructures of the normal human brain.

Methods: There were obtained expression profiles of 19 DSCR genes in 42 brain substructures from gene expression values available in the database of the human brain of the Brain Atlas of the Allen Institute for Brain Sciences" (http://human.brain-map.org/). The co-expression patterns of DSCR genes in the brain were calculated using multivariate statistical methods.

Results: The highest levels of gene expression were registered at the caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and putamen among central areas of the cerebral cortex. Increased expression levels of RCAN1 that are encoded by a protein involved in the signal transduction process of the CNS were recorded for PCP4, which participates in the binding to calmodulin, and TTC3, a protein that is associated with the differentiation of neurons. Previously identified brain structures play a crucial role in the learning process, in different classes of memory and in motor skills.

Conclusion: The precise regulation of DSCR gene expression is crucial to maintain the brain homeostasis, especially in those areas with high levels of gene expression associated with a remarkable process of learning and cognition.

Keywords
  • Brain
  • cerebral cortex
  • homeostasis
  • Down Syndrome critical region
  • oligonucleotide array sequence analysis
  • transcriptome
  • gene expression profiling.
Author Biographies

Julio Cesar Montoya, Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle. Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Cali, Colombia.

Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences. Professor

Dianora Fajardo, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences.. Master in Sciences student

Ángela Peña, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

School of Biology. Georgia Tech University, USA

Adalberto Sánchez, Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle.

Department of Physiological Sciences, of Basic Sciences. Professor

Martha C Domínguez, -Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle. - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences. Associated researcher

José María Satizábal, Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle.

Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences. Professor

Felipe Garcia Vallejo, - Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle. - Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis LABIOMOL. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Department of Physiological Sciences.School of Basic Sciences. Professor
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How to Cite
Montoya, J. C., Fajardo, D., Peña, Ángela, Sánchez, A., Domínguez, M. C., Satizábal, J. M., & Garcia Vallejo, F. (2014). Global differential expression of genes located in the Down Syndrome Critical Region in normal human brain. Colombia Medica, 45(4), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v45i4.1640
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