Using biopsy for breast cancer diagnosis: an equity issue?.

Abstract

Objetive: This study aims to evaluating whether health insurance status determines access to biopsy for diagnose of breast cancer among women in Colombia.
Materials and methods: A retrospective follow-up study was carried out in women on treatment for breast cancer, selected from public and private institutions in six cities. A survey to collect information about health insurance status and economic, geographic, organizational and administrative barriers that might constrain access to diagnosis by biopsy was applied. To evaluate equity logistic regression model to calculate odds ratios to establish the association between health insurance status and putative barriers was used. Finally a multivariate analysis to control for confounding factors of women sociodemographic conditions was performed. Additionally interaction with their educative level and their residence location was evaluated.
Results: Higher probabilities of barriers to biopsy in women with subsidized health insurance (OR 3.8 CI 95% 2.65-5.49) and for those without insurance (OR 4.9 CI 95% 3.00-7.99), compared to the insured women to face economic barriers for accessing diagnosis services for breast cancer were found. Also, women with health subsidized by the government together with those living in rural areas have a greater probability of geographic barriers (OR 2.0; CI 1.31-3.22) and (OR: 11.0 CI 95% 6.45-18.51) respectively.
Conclusions: The study suggests that the use of diagnosis services for breast cancer is inequitable because the differences in probabilities affect the most vulnerable groups. The health insurance model may be responsible for this inequity.